Īnthropology and many other current fields are the intellectual results of the comparative methods developed in the earlier 19th century. They maintained international connections. These anthropologists of the times were liberal, anti-slavery, and pro- human-rights activists. Meanwhile, the Ethnological Society of New York, currently the American Ethnological Society, was founded on its model in 1842, as well as the Ethnological Society of London in 1843, a break-away group of the Aborigines' Protection Society. When slavery was abolished in France in 1848, the Société was abandoned. Its members were primarily anti-slavery activists. The Société Ethnologique de Paris, the first to use the term ethnology, was formed in 1839. Various short-lived organizations of anthropologists had already been formed. Sporadic use of the term for some of the subject matter occurred subsequently, such as the use by Étienne Serres in 1839 to describe the natural history, or paleontology, of man, based on comparative anatomy, and the creation of a chair in anthropology and ethnography in 1850 at the French National Museum of Natural History by Jean Louis Armand de Quatrefages de Bréau. In 1647, the Bartholins, founders of the University of Copenhagen, defined l'anthropologie as follows: Īnthropology, that is to say the science that treats of man, is divided ordinarily and with reason into Anatomy, which considers the body and the parts, and Psychology, which speaks of the soul. History īernardino de Sahagún is considered to be the founder of modern anthropology. (Its adjectival form appeared in the works of Aristotle.) It began to be used in English, possibly via French Anthropologie, by the early 18th century. Their New Latin anthropologia derived from the combining forms of the Greek words ánthrōpos ( ἄνθρωπος, " human") and lógos ( λόγος, " study"). Its present use first appeared in Renaissance Germany in the works of Magnus Hundt and Otto Casmann. The abstract noun anthropology is first attested in reference to history. 12.4 Textbooks and key theoretical works.5 Key topics by field: archaeological and biological.4.4 Medical, nutritional, psychological, cognitive and transpersonal.
4.3 Kinship, feminism, gender and sexuality.4.2 Economic, political economic, applied and development.
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